Adam's first wife????

A while back I was having a lively discussion with a friend about the accuracy of the Bible and she asked me something to the effect, have I ever heard about Adam's first wife and why did I think the story was left out of the biblical text. At that point I had never heard of this story.

This friend was insinuating that the early church discarded the story of the independent woman in favour of (in her words) the subservient Eve to help enforce the practices of the patriarchy. I had just about forgot about that discussion when I came upon an article in a recent edition of Biblical Archaeology Review regarding mystic practices of Babylonian Jews in the early centuries A.D.

The article dealt with writings found on skulls and bowls that mentions evil spirits or liliths, that were believed to be the cause of high infant and birthing-mother mortality rates of the time, as these spirits were believed to roam the Earth looking for women and infants to attack. The article contends that later on in the medieval period stories arose that Lilith was the first wife of Adam that refused to be subservient to him. The story is as follows as found on wikipedia:

Soon afterward the young son of the king took ill. Said Nebuchadnezzar, "Heal my son. If you don't, I will kill you." Ben Sira immediately sat down and wrote an amulet with the Holy Name, and he inscribed on it the angels in charge of medicine by their names, forms, and images, and by their wings, hands, and feet. Nebuchadnezzar looked at the amulet. "Who are these?"

"The angels who are in charge of medicine: Snvi, Snsvi, and Smnglof (In English: Senoy, Sansenoy and Semangelof). After God created Adam, who was alone, He said, 'It is not good for man to be alone' (Genesis 2:18). He then created a woman for Adam, from the earth, as He had created Adam himself, and called her Lilith. Adam and Lilith immediately began to fight. She said, 'I will not lie below,' and he said, 'I will not lie beneath you, but only on top. For you are fit only to be in the bottom position, while I am to be the superior one.' Lilith responded, 'We are equal to each other inasmuch as we were both created from the earth.' But they would not listen to one another. When Lilith saw this, she pronounced the Ineffable Name and flew away into the air. Adam stood in prayer before his Creator: 'Sovereign of the universe!' he said, 'the woman you gave me has run away.' At once, the Holy One, blessed be He, sent these three angels to bring her back.

"Said the Holy One to Adam, 'If she agrees to come back, what is made is good. If not, she must permit one hundred of her children to die every day.' The angels left God and pursued Lilith, whom they overtook in the midst of the sea, in the mighty waters wherein the Egyptians were destined to drown. They told her God's word, but she did not wish to return. The angels said, 'We shall drown you in the sea.'

"'Leave me!' she said. 'I was created only to cause sickness to infants. If the infant is male, I have dominion over him for eight days after his birth, and if female, for twenty days.'

"When the angels heard Lilith's words, they insisted she go back. But she swore to them by the name of the living and eternal God: 'Whenever I see you or your names or your forms in an amulet, I will have no power over that infant.' She also agreed to have one hundred of her children die every day. Accordingly, every day one hundred demons perish, and for the same reason, we write the angels names on the amulets of young children. When Lilith sees their names, she remembers her oath, and the child recovers."

The stories of liliths date back even earlier to Mesopotamian traditional demon myths and were probably incorporated into Jewish writings during the Jewish diaspora in the first centuries after the fall of Jerusalem. It has been preserved for the reader in an anonymous text known as "The Alphabet of Ben Sira".

No matter what one may think of the quality of our preserved text today, and I would agree there are a few cases where the text provides for women being regarded higher than later scribes and translators would have them to be, but this is not one of them.

Eve was created from that taken from Adam, not from the head to make Eve superior, nor from the foot to make her subservient, but from the side as they would stand together with a single purpose before God.